Network policies and segmentation

By implementing effective network policies, you can control traffic flows, prevent unauthorized access, and safeguard applications across the Kubernetes ecosystem. This module explores key components for maintaining a secure, segmented network in Kubernetes. 

• Service: A Kubernetes Service provides a stable, consistent network endpoint for your Pods. As Pods are dynamically created and removed, the Service maintains a permanent address to access them, acting as a central hub for reliable communication within the cluster. This ensures continuity and simplifies routing even as workloads shift. 

• Ingress: Ingress manages external access to Kubernetes services, handling HTTP routing, SSL termination, and virtual hosting based on hostnames. With properly configured Ingress resources, you can control how external users interact with your applications, adding an essential layer of security at the boundary of the cluster. This setup minimizes exposure while providing a secure entry point for web traffic. 

• NetworkPolicy: A Kubernetes NetworkPolicy defines the allowed traffic patterns between Pods and external IPs, dictating both ingress and egress rules.  By default in Kubernetes, every Pod can communicate with any other Pod unless explicitly restricted. Applying a NetworkPolicy specifies precise communication paths, enforcing isolation and Zero Trust principles. NetworkPolicies are essential for enabling controlled access and reducing the risk of lateral movement within the cluster. 

Implementing these components effectively creates a segmented, secure network, limiting exposure and protecting Kubernetes resources against unauthorized access and potential threats.