CVE-2024-45777: 
Linux Debian vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A critical vulnerability (CVE-2024-45777) was discovered in GRUB2, affecting the translation buffer calculation when reading language .mo files. The flaw exists in the grubgettextgetstrfromposition() function, where an integer overflow can occur, potentially leading to an out-of-bounds write condition (Ubuntu Security, Red Hat CVE).

The vulnerability stems from an integer overflow in the calculation of the translation buffer when processing language .mo files within the grubgettextgetstrfromposition() function. This calculation error can result in an out-of-bounds write condition, potentially compromising the integrity of GRUB2's heap data (Bugzilla Report).

The vulnerability could allow an attacker to overwrite sensitive GRUB2 heap data, which may ultimately lead to the circumvention of secure boot protections. This poses a significant security risk as it could potentially compromise the system's boot process security (Ubuntu Security).

Ubuntu has noted that the grub2 package does not affect Ubuntu's Secure Boot, while grub2-unsigned contains Secure Boot security fixes. It's recommended that systems maintain the same major version between grub2 and grub2-unsigned packages. Additionally, key revocation is required to protect against evil housekeeper attacks (Ubuntu Security).