CVE-2023-38037: 
Ruby vulnerability analysis and mitigation

An insecure temporary file vulnerability (CVE-2023-38037) was discovered in the ActiveSupport rubygem, affecting versions 5.2.0 and later. The vulnerability was disclosed in August 2023, impacting the ActiveSupport::EncryptedFile component which handles encrypted file operations in Ruby on Rails applications (Rails Discussion).

The vulnerability occurs when ActiveSupport::EncryptedFile writes contents that will be encrypted to a temporary file. The temporary file's permissions are set according to the user's current umask settings, which could potentially allow other users on the same system to read the contents of the temporary file. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3 score of 3.3 (Low) with a Local attack vector, Low attack complexity, and Low privileges required (Red Hat CVE).

The vulnerability could lead to information disclosure, allowing attackers with access to the file system to potentially read the contents of temporary files while a user is editing them. The impact is limited to confidentiality with no effect on integrity or availability of the system (Red Hat CVE).

The vulnerability has been fixed in Rails versions 7.0.7.1 and 6.1.7.5. For users unable to upgrade immediately, a workaround is available by setting a more restrictive umask using the command 'umask 0077' (Rails Discussion).